Results / Terminal-Bench 2.0 /
headroom
Full results — headroom (hd-cache) (Terminal-Bench 2.0, 89 tasks)
Full per-task results for the headroom (hd-cache) arm on Terminal-Bench 2.0 (claude-code on aws/claude-sonnet-5, live). Same cache-aware cost model and 4× budget as the other arms. For the four-way analysis (cost decomposition, per-component, verdict) see the Terminal-Bench comparison ; the reference arm is the baseline . See REPRODUCE.md .
Totals
attempted
solved
solve rate
completed
timed out
total billed cost
mean steps*
cache-hit
89
64
71.9%
78
11
$114.75
32.0
94.1%
* mean steps over the 78 completed tasks (timed-out runs are truncated). Solve rate over completed-only tasks: 64/78 = 82.1% .
Token & cost accounting (cache-aware, all 89 tasks)
tier
tokens
$/M
billed
cache-read (input)
198,020,429
0.20
$39.60
cache-write (input)
12,369,660
2.50
$30.92
fresh (input)
97,763
2.00
$0.20
completion (output)
4,402,777
10.00
$44.03
total
$114.75
Cache-read is 35% of the bill at a 94.1% cache-hit rate — as on SWE-bench, a heavily-cached agent, so the lever a compaction layer must pull is cache-read tokens.
Timeouts (11 long-horizon tasks)
These tasks still hit the wall-clock budget under the extended 4× timeout (up to ~4 h each) and scored reward 0 — counted as failures in the solve rate above. A large part of the cause is gateway latency, not only agent capability : Terminal-Bench's timeouts assume a fast endpoint (~2–5 s/request), but this IBM LiteLLM gateway runs ~26 s/request (5–10× slower), so long-horizon tasks that need many round-trips run out of clock (concurrency is not the cause — latency was flat ~23–30 s/req from n=1 to n=24). They are all hard/long software-engineering and compute tasks (path-tracing, a MIPS Doom port, a metacircular evaluator, COBOL modernization, GPT-2 code-golf, CIFAR training). A compaction arm that cuts round-trips could bring some under budget, so the timeout count is itself a comparison metric.
task
difficulty
category
steps before timeout
partial billed
budget (4×)
caffe-cifar-10
medium
machine-learning
38
$0.77
80 min
cobol-modernization
easy
software-engineering
69
$2.35
60 min
extract-moves-from-video
hard
file-operations
160
$24.12
120 min
make-doom-for-mips
hard
software-engineering
101
$4.24
60 min
path-tracing
hard
software-engineering
142
$6.16
120 min
protein-assembly
hard
scientific-computing
2
$0.00
120 min
pytorch-model-cli
medium
model-training
35
$0.47
60 min
query-optimize
medium
data-science
19
$0.31
60 min
schemelike-metacircular-eval
medium
software-engineering
77
$4.66
160 min
tune-mjcf
medium
scientific-computing
25
$0.42
60 min
write-compressor
hard
software-engineering
5
$0.47
60 min
By difficulty (all 89 tasks; timeouts = failures)
difficulty
tasks
solved
rate
timed out
mean $/task
easy
4
3
75%
1
$0.878
medium
55
42
76%
5
$0.631
hard
30
19
63%
5
$2.551
By category (all 89 tasks)
category
tasks
solved
rate
mean $/task
mean steps*
data-querying
1
1
100%
$0.351
8.0
debugging
5
5
100%
$0.909
42.8
games
1
1
100%
$0.383
20.0
mathematics
4
4
100%
$0.703
10.8
optimization
1
1
100%
$0.464
19.0
personal-assistant
1
1
100%
$0.244
6.0
video-processing
1
1
100%
$3.080
90.0
system-administration
9
8
89%
$0.933
47.2
data-processing
4
3
75%
$0.212
13.8
data-science
8
6
75%
$1.105
49.7
security
8
6
75%
$0.371
19.6
machine-learning
3
2
67%
$1.060
28.0
software-engineering
26
17
65%
$1.696
34.0
file-operations
5
3
60%
$5.065
15.8
model-training
4
2
50%
$0.801
33.3
scientific-computing
8
3
38%
$0.752
30.3
Per-task (all 89)
task
difficulty
category
outcome
steps
cache_read
cache_write
billed
wall
adaptive-rejection-sampler
medium
scientific-computing
❌ failed
30
1,438,504
52,222
$1.253
26.4 min
bn-fit-modify
hard
scientific-computing
✅ solved
22
928,502
13,410
$0.375
7.2 min
break-filter-js-from-html
medium
security
✅ solved
35
1,600,416
17,679
$0.879
21.7 min
build-cython-ext
medium
debugging
✅ solved
62
4,496,202
63,447
$1.296
14.0 min
build-pmars
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
39
1,926,499
29,817
$0.560
7.3 min
build-pov-ray
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
36
1,752,704
28,039
$0.517
11.2 min
caffe-cifar-10
medium
machine-learning
⏱ timeout
38
1,748,587
131,625
$0.769
57.0 min
cancel-async-tasks
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
8
279,969
5,770
$0.200
2.5 min
chess-best-move
medium
games
✅ solved
20
806,656
9,186
$0.383
4.9 min
circuit-fibsqrt
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
53
3,341,016
46,604
$2.881
178.9 min
cobol-modernization
easy
software-engineering
⏱ timeout
69
3,877,615
36,673
$2.353
60.0 min
code-from-image
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
5
156,544
4,231
$0.047
0.5 min
compile-compcert
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
85
5,515,699
227,890
$1.922
78.9 min
configure-git-webserver
hard
system-administration
✅ solved
13
494,249
7,317
$0.166
7.2 min
constraints-scheduling
medium
personal-assistant
✅ solved
6
204,738
8,481
$0.244
3.2 min
count-dataset-tokens
medium
model-training
✅ solved
13
526,046
17,052
$0.196
5.3 min
crack-7z-hash
medium
security
✅ solved
20
814,384
11,301
$0.221
6.3 min
custom-memory-heap-crash
medium
debugging
✅ solved
52
3,359,686
49,983
$1.714
30.4 min
db-wal-recovery
medium
file-operations
❌ failed
17
689,904
13,305
$0.408
5.6 min
distribution-search
medium
machine-learning
✅ solved
16
663,356
14,575
$0.538
7.5 min
dna-assembly
hard
scientific-computing
✅ solved
56
3,250,476
53,252
$2.386
43.6 min
dna-insert
medium
scientific-computing
❌ failed
18
773,481
13,546
$0.320
5.5 min
extract-elf
medium
file-operations
✅ solved
18
763,108
13,337
$0.390
5.2 min
extract-moves-from-video
hard
file-operations
⏱ timeout
160
7,363,596
7,806,411
$24.118
120.0 min
feal-differential-cryptanalysis
hard
mathematics
✅ solved
13
502,491
9,262
$1.003
16.9 min
feal-linear-cryptanalysis
hard
mathematics
✅ solved
13
532,046
12,513
$1.316
45.3 min
filter-js-from-html
medium
security
❌ failed
22
989,347
16,881
$0.496
5.7 min
financial-document-processor
medium
data-processing
❌ failed
26
533,975
61,704
$0.360
2.5 min
fix-code-vulnerability
hard
security
✅ solved
16
633,232
20,508
$0.206
1.5 min
fix-git
easy
software-engineering
✅ solved
11
412,077
17,470
$0.151
1.0 min
fix-ocaml-gc
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
27
1,340,872
145,817
$0.778
27.9 min
gcode-to-text
medium
file-operations
✅ solved
17
692,582
11,878
$0.227
4.1 min
git-leak-recovery
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
16
611,482
7,048
$0.172
1.5 min
git-multibranch
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
33
1,485,333
16,544
$0.470
4.5 min
gpt2-codegolf
hard
software-engineering
❌ failed
2
0
39,156
$0.138
0.9 min
headless-terminal
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
16
652,521
15,294
$0.289
13.3 min
hf-model-inference
medium
data-science
✅ solved
12
448,133
12,428
$0.149
11.6 min
install-windows-3.11
hard
system-administration
❌ failed
89
6,294,323
136,137
$2.271
40.8 min
kv-store-grpc
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
11
407,203
6,197
$0.121
1.8 min
large-scale-text-editing
medium
file-operations
✅ solved
11
406,201
6,239
$0.180
3.3 min
largest-eigenval
medium
mathematics
✅ solved
10
370,777
8,085
$0.168
2.8 min
llm-inference-batching-scheduler
hard
machine-learning
✅ solved
40
2,384,925
52,778
$1.873
28.7 min
log-summary-date-ranges
medium
data-processing
✅ solved
8
280,917
5,643
$0.086
0.6 min
mailman
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
71
5,039,376
54,115
$1.495
15.4 min
make-doom-for-mips
hard
software-engineering
⏱ timeout
101
11,022,228
111,639
$4.237
60.0 min
make-mips-interpreter
hard
software-engineering
❌ failed
181
18,796,281
222,145
$7.696
83.6 min
mcmc-sampling-stan
hard
data-science
✅ solved
39
2,322,900
54,635
$0.702
20.2 min
merge-diff-arc-agi-task
medium
debugging
✅ solved
37
1,639,043
15,823
$0.472
6.6 min
model-extraction-relu-logits
hard
mathematics
✅ solved
7
240,960
7,470
$0.325
5.7 min
modernize-scientific-stack
medium
scientific-computing
✅ solved
6
202,237
6,055
$0.067
0.6 min
mteb-leaderboard
medium
data-science
✅ solved
91
6,713,015
81,960
$2.041
55.8 min
mteb-retrieve
medium
data-science
✅ solved
15
591,826
9,506
$0.184
8.3 min
multi-source-data-merger
medium
data-processing
✅ solved
9
328,735
7,246
$0.130
1.5 min
nginx-request-logging
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
12
458,387
9,220
$0.144
2.4 min
openssl-selfsigned-cert
medium
security
✅ solved
16
620,007
8,407
$0.184
1.6 min
overfull-hbox
easy
debugging
✅ solved
55
2,900,215
28,336
$0.918
19.9 min
password-recovery
hard
security
✅ solved
24
1,018,613
12,598
$0.475
6.0 min
path-tracing
hard
software-engineering
⏱ timeout
142
13,062,719
184,070
$6.155
120.0 min
path-tracing-reverse
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
112
11,500,154
209,909
$6.088
102.2 min
polyglot-c-py
medium
software-engineering
❌ failed
11
400,585
5,841
$0.396
8.5 min
polyglot-rust-c
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
7
390,788
39,597
$0.573
11.7 min
portfolio-optimization
medium
optimization
✅ solved
19
859,707
20,442
$0.464
8.9 min
protein-assembly
hard
scientific-computing
⏱ timeout
2
0
0
$0.000
0.1 min
prove-plus-comm
easy
software-engineering
✅ solved
7
225,644
12,207
$0.091
5.8 min
pypi-server
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
15
571,478
7,504
$0.160
1.9 min
pytorch-model-cli
medium
model-training
⏱ timeout
35
1,595,679
20,587
$0.471
11.1 min
pytorch-model-recovery
medium
model-training
✅ solved
19
844,676
18,634
$0.377
12.7 min
qemu-alpine-ssh
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
79
4,459,313
41,132
$1.345
39.3 min
qemu-startup
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
21
832,903
9,683
$0.324
10.1 min
query-optimize
medium
data-science
⏱ timeout
19
757,494
15,322
$0.307
10.2 min
raman-fitting
medium
scientific-computing
❌ failed
50
2,706,005
43,519
$1.196
15.4 min
regex-chess
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
75
6,457,203
482,484
$3.309
79.9 min
regex-log
medium
data-processing
✅ solved
12
450,419
8,037
$0.270
3.9 min
reshard-c4-data
medium
data-science
✅ solved
33
1,497,470
15,842
$0.924
16.5 min
rstan-to-pystan
medium
data-science
✅ solved
88
5,680,153
442,469
$2.661
106.6 min
sam-cell-seg
hard
data-science
❌ failed
70
4,414,374
60,442
$1.873
35.5 min
sanitize-git-repo
medium
security
❌ failed
8
403,241
45,268
$0.235
1.1 min
schemelike-metacircular-eval
medium
software-engineering
⏱ timeout
77
5,741,094
99,381
$4.664
160.0 min
sparql-university
hard
data-querying
✅ solved
8
301,163
10,650
$0.351
4.2 min
sqlite-db-truncate
medium
debugging
✅ solved
8
277,629
6,865
$0.146
1.6 min
sqlite-with-gcov
medium
system-administration
✅ solved
22
924,943
16,688
$0.264
8.7 min
torch-pipeline-parallelism
hard
software-engineering
✅ solved
41
2,156,546
25,746
$0.994
35.2 min
torch-tensor-parallelism
hard
software-engineering
❌ failed
12
469,160
11,589
$0.337
8.7 min
train-fasttext
hard
model-training
❌ failed
68
3,683,278
478,817
$2.159
136.9 min
tune-mjcf
medium
scientific-computing
⏱ timeout
25
1,121,523
17,848
$0.420
13.2 min
video-processing
hard
video-processing
✅ solved
90
6,490,786
73,613
$3.080
70.4 min
vulnerable-secret
medium
security
✅ solved
16
654,879
15,453
$0.270
2.8 min
winning-avg-corewars
medium
software-engineering
✅ solved
28
1,288,502
20,289
$0.717
11.7 min
write-compressor
hard
software-engineering
⏱ timeout
5
156,724
3,842
$0.471
60.0 min